Baseline characteristics and univariate analysis of unfavorable outcome in patients with anterior circulation stroke with available mRS at discharge
| Parameter | Value (N=290) |
| Demographics | |
| Age (years) | 78.0 (66.3–85.0) |
| Sex (male) | 119 (41.0%) |
| Medical history | |
| Arterial hypertension | 229 (79.0%) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 138 (47.6%) |
| Diabetes | 68 (23.4%) |
| Dyslipidemia | 116 (40.0%) |
| Smoking | 87 (30.0%) |
| Stroke characteristics | |
| Pre-stroke mRS (0–2) | 270 (93.1%) |
| Baseline NIHSS | 10 (10–19) |
| NIHSS discharge | 7 (2-18) |
| mRS discharge | 4 (2-5) |
| Baseline ASPECTS | 10 (9–10) |
| ASPECTS 24 hours | 8 (5-9) |
| Wake-up stroke | 62 (21.4%) |
| Intravenous thrombolysis | 160 (55.2%) |
| Onset to groin (min) | 145 (111–207) |
| Groin to recanalization (min) | 43.5 (27–69.5) |
| Site of occlusion | |
| Distal ICA | 77 (26.6%) |
| MCA M1 | 124 (42.8%) |
| MCA M2 | 69 (23.8%) |
| MCA M3 | 9 (3.1%) |
| A1 | 3 (1.0%) |
| A2 | 2 (0.7%) |
| Multiple locations AC | 6 (2.1%) |
| TOAST | |
| Large Artery Sclerosis | 85 (29.3%) |
| Cardioembolic | 140 (48.3%) |
| Small vessel occlusion | 1 (0.3%) |
| Other/undetermined | 64 (22.1%) |
| Tandem occlusion | 25 (8.6%) |
| Final TICI | |
| 2b-3 | 259 (89.3%) |
| 2 c-3 | 186 (64.1%) |
| 3 | 156 (53.8%) |
| Number of maneuvers | 2 (1-3) |
| Number of stent retriever maneuvers | 1 (1-2) |
| First-pass technique | |
| Aspiration | 80 (27.6%) |
| Stent retriever+aspiration | 202 (69.7%) |
| Missing data | 8 (2.8%) |
| Overall hemorrhagic complications | 39 (13.4%) |
| SAH | 25 (8.6%) |
| sICH | 14 (4.8%) |
| Outcome | |
| mRS discharge (0–2) | 84/275 (30.5%) |
| mRS 6 | 82/275 (29.8%) |
| Missing data | 15/290 (5.2%) |
| BCA Parameter | |
| Bone sum | 940 (795–1130) |
| Muscle sum | 1902 (1520–2454) |
| TAT sum | 2065 (1395–3082) |
| IMAT sum | 915 (633–1181) |
| Muscle/bone sum | 2.1 (1.7–2.5) |
| TAT/bone sum | 2.2 (1.6–3.0) |
| IMAT/TAT sum | 43.3 (36.6–51.9) |
| Favorable outcome, mRS 0–2 (N=84) | Unfavorable outcome, mRS 3–6 (N=191) | P value | |
| Demographics | |||
| Age (years) | 71.0 (60.8–83.0) | 79.0 (70.0–85.0) | 0.006 |
| Sex (male) | 36 (42.9%) | 74 (38.7%) | 0.521 |
| Medical history | |||
| Arterial hypertension | 61 (72.6%) | 158 (82.7%) | 0.055 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 38 (45.2%) | 94 (49.2%) | 0.543 |
| Diabetes | 16 (19.0%) | 50 (26.2%) | 0.202 |
| Dyslipidemia | 37 (44.0%) | 77 (40.3%) | 0.563 |
| Smoking | 26 (31.0%) | 61 (31.9%) | 0.872 |
| Stroke characteristics | |||
| mRS pre-treatment | 0 (0–0) | 1 (0–2) | <0.001 |
| Baseline NIHSS | 11 (6.8–15.3) | 15 (12–20) | <0.001 |
| NIHSS discharge | 1 (0–2) | 13.5 (7-42) | <0.001 |
| mRS discharge | 1 (0.8–2) | 5 (4-6) | <0.001 |
| Baseline ASPECTS | 10 (9–10) | 10 (8–10) | 0.030 |
| ASPECTS 24 hours | 9 (8-10) | 7 (4-8) | <0.001 |
| Wake-up stroke | 15 (17.9%) | 44 (23.0%) | 0.335 |
| Intravenous thrombolysis | 53 (63.1%) | 100 (52.4%) | 0.099 |
| Onset to groin (min) | 140 (115–230) | 140 (107–203) | 0.771 |
| Groin to recanalization (min) | 38.0 (25.5–49.5) | 52 (32–87) | <0.001 |
| Site of occlusion | |||
| Distal ICA | 14 (16.7%) | 61 (31.9%) | 0.009 |
| MCA M1 | 39 (46.4%) | 76 (39.8%) | 0.304 |
| MCA M2 | 26 (31.0%) | 40 (20.9%) | 0.073 |
| MCA M3 | 4 (4.8%) | 5 (2.6%) | 0.462 |
| A1 | 0 (0%) | 3 (1.6%) | 0.555 |
| A2 | 1 (1.2%) | 1 (0.5%) | 0.518 |
| Multiple locations | 0 (0%) | 5 (2.6%) | 0.327 |
| TOAST | |||
| Large artery sclerosis | 24 (28.6%) | 54 (28.3%) | 0.960 |
| Cardioembolic | 30 (35.7%) | 94 (49.2%) | 0.670 |
| Small vessel occlusion | 1 (1.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0.305 |
| Other/undetermined | 20 (23.8%) | 43 (22.5%) | 0.129 |
| Tandem occlusion | 11 (13.1%) | 13 (6.8%) | 0.089 |
| Final TICI | |||
| 2b-3 | 81 (96.4%) | 164 (85.9%) | 0.011 |
| 2 c-3 | 65 (77.4%) | 109 (57.1%) | 0.001 |
| 3 | 56 (66.7%) | 89 (46.6%) | 0.002 |
| Number of maneuvers | 1 (1-2) | 2 (1-3) | <0.001 |
| Number of stent retriever maneuvers | 1 (0–2) | 1 (1-2) | 0.002 |
| First-pass technique | 0.358 | ||
| Aspiration | 26/81 (32.1%) | 50/188 (26.6%) | |
| Stent retriever+aspiration | 55/81 (67.9%) | 138/188 (73.4%) | |
| Missing data | 3/84 (3.6%) | 3/191 (1.6%) | |
| Overall complications | 6 (7.1%) | 32 (16.8%) | 0.033 |
| SAH | 6 (7.1%) | 18 (9.4%) | 0.537 |
| sICH | 0 (0%) | 14 (7.3%) | 0.007 |
| BCA parameter | |||
| Bone sum | 940 (795–1104) | 944 (807–1140) | 0.681 |
| Muscle sum | 2061 (1628–2756) | 188 (1528–2377) | 0.169 |
| TAT sum | 2007 (1277–3176) | 2166 (1471–3121) | 0.699 |
| IMAT sum | 929 (604–1151) | 903 (672–1212) | 0.514 |
| Muscle/bone sum | 2.2 (1.8–2.5) | 2.0 (1.7–2.4) | 0.007 |
| TAT/bone sum | 2.2 (1.6–3.3) | 2.2 (1.6–3.1) | 0.726 |
| IMAT/TAT sum | 44.6 (36.4–52.1) | 42.9 (36.7–51.4) | 0.799 |
Data are presented as numbers and percentages or as medians with IQR.
AC, anterior circulation; ASPECTS, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score; h, hours; ICA, internal carotid artery; IMAT, intra-/intermuscular adipose tissue; MCA, middle cerebral artery; min, minutes; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage; sICH, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage; TAT, total adipose tissue; TICI, thrombolysis in cerebral infarction; TOAST, Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment .