Clinical data for illustrative cases of pediatric jugular compression syndrome
Pt | Age/sex | Dominant venous system R/L | Compression mechanism | Symptoms | Diagnosis |
1 | Teenage/M | R | Mild to moderate bilateral osseous: transverse process of C1 and styloid process Severe bilateral musculotendinous: scalene/omohyoid | Headaches associated with declining scholastic and athletic performance, aggravated by head extension and left lateral head tilt | Provocative head maneuvers increase venous pressure gradient from 4 mmHg to 10 mmHg |
2 | Teenage/M | L | Severe bilateral osseous: hypertrophic transverse processes of C1 and styloid processes Mild to moderate right and severe left musculotendinous: scalene/omohyoid | Headaches and brain fog aggravated by rotation of head to right | Provocative head maneuvers increase venous pressure gradient from 3 mmHg to 10 mmHg |
3 | Teenage/M | B | Severe bilateral osseous: hypertrophic transverse process of C1 and styloid process | Headaches and vertigo aggravated by leftward head rotation and extension | Provocative head maneuvers increase venous pressure gradient from 3 mmHg to 10 mmHg |